1、前沿核酸科学

2、尖端核酸技术

3、基于核酸的诊断与分子标志物

4、核酸技术治疗和其他应用

For over a quarter century, Dr. Green has been at the forefront of efforts to map, sequence, and understand eukaryotic genomes. His work included significant, start-to-finish involvement in the Human Genome Project; these initial efforts latter blossomed into a highly productive program in comparative genomics that provided important insights about genome structure, function, and evolution. Now, as Director of NHGRI, Dr. Green is responsible for providing overall leadership of the Institute’s research portfolio and other initiatives. In 2011, Dr. Green led NHGRI to the completion of a strategic planning effort that yielded a new vision for the future of genomics research, entitled “Charting a course for genomic medicine from base pairs to bedside” (Nature, 470:204-213, 2011).

Dr. Green received his BS in bacteriology from the University of Wisconsin at Madison in 1981 and both a PhD in cell biology and an MD in 1987 from Washington University in St. Louis. For his PhD, Dr. Green studied sugar molecules that are attached to proteins. From 1987 to 1992, he was a resident in laboratory medicine at the Washington University School of Medicine, serving as Co-Chief Resident from 1990 to 1992. Discussions about a possible Human Genome Project in the late 1980s coupled with his clinical interests in molecular diagnostics prompted him to join the laboratory of Maynard V. Olson, Ph.D. as a postdoctoral research fellow to work in the then-emerging field of genomics. In 1992, Dr. Green was appointed Assistant Professor of Pathology, Genetics, and Internal Medicine at the Washington University School of Medicine, as well as Co-Investigator in the University’s Human Genome Center. In 1994, Dr. Green was recruited to join the newly formed Intramural Research Program of the then-named National Center for Human Genome Research (NCHGR) at the National Institutes of Health. Two years later, he earned tenure; that same year, he was also appointed Chief of the Genome Technology Branch. In 1997, he became the Founding Director of the NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC). Dr. Green then became the third Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) in December 2009.

Honors given to Dr. Green include a Helen Hay Whitney Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (1989-1990), a Lucille P. Markey Scholar Award in Biomedical Science (1990-1994), induction into the American Society for Clinical Investigation (2002), an Alumni Achievement Award from Washington University School of Medicine (2005), induction into the Association of American Physicians (2007), a Distinguished Alumni Award from Washington University (2010), the Cotlove Award from the Academy of Clinical Laboratory Physicians and Scientists (2011), and the Wallace H. Coulter Lectureship Award from the American Association for Clinical Chemistry (2012). He is a Founding Editor of the journal Genome Research (1995-present) and a Series Editor of Genome Analysis: A Laboratory Manual (1994-1998), both published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. He is also Co-Editor of Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics (since 2005). Dr. Green has authored and co-authored over 300 scientific publications.

Dr. Kay is the Head of the Division of Human Gene Therapy and serves as the Associate Chair of Research in Pediatrics. He received a Ph.D. in Developmental Genetics, and M.D. from Case Western Reserve in Cleveland, Ohio. Before coming to Stanford in 1998, Dr. Kay was at the University of Washington as Associate Professor in the Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Pathology. Dr. Kay has received many awards. Dr. Kay was on the founding board of directors of the American Society for Gene Therapy and served as the Society’s Vice-President, President-Elect, and President in 2003-2006. He is on Board of Directors of the Oligonucleotide Therapeutics Board of Directors. He was elected to the Association of American Physicians in 2010. Dr. Kay received the American Society for Gene and Cell Therapy’s Outstanding Investigator Award in 2013. He is a scientific founder of Voyager Therapeutics and LogicBio Therapeutics.

Dr. Kay has published over 250 scientific papers. The focus of the laboratory is to establish the scientific principles required for gene and nucleic acid transfer for the treatment of genetic and acquired diseases. Dr. Kay has worked on the development of many DNA gene transfer vectors and the mechanism by which they transduce tissues in mammals. His group has performed two Phase I/II gene therapy trials for hemophilia B. His laboratory was the first to establish therapeutic RNAi in whole non-embryonic mammals, and RNAi-mediated inhibition of a human viral pathogen (HBV) in animals. His work continues towards defining the molecular limits of delivered and expressed RNAi in vivo as well as the mechanisms involved in si/shRNA -mediated gene silencing and the biological mechanisms involved in miRNA-mediated gene repression. In addition, his laboratory is studying the role that a newly discovered small non-coding RNA plays in mammalian gene regulation.

Prof. Dong-ki Lee received B. S. in Chemistry from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in 1993, and Ph. D. in Biochemistry from Cornell University in 1999. After post-doctoral training in Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Toolgen Inc., and KAIST, he joined POSTECH as an assistant professor in 2004. In 2008, He moved to Sungkyunkwan University and is a full professor of Chemistry since 2012. In 2008, Prof. Lee was selected as the principal investigator of the Global Research Laboratory program, funded by Korean government, to develop novel RNAi medicine. He is currently serving as the Asian editor of “Nucleic Acid Therapeutics” and a editorial board member of “Molecular Therapy: Nucleic Acids”. His work on novel siRNA structures, nucleic acid aptamers, and eukaryotic gene regulation has been published as over 70 papers including prestigious journals such as Nature, Cell, PNAS, and Molecular Therapy. In 2010, he founded OliX Pharmaceuticals, a RNAi therapeutics company focusing on topically administrable diseases, and serves as Chief Executive Officer.

Todd Lowe earned his Ph.D. in molecular genetics from Washington University in St. Louis in 1999, and helped identify the non-coding RNA genes in many of the first eukaryotic and archaeal genomes sequenced using his search tools. He then studied as a post-doctoral scholar at Stanford University with David Botstein in the Functional Genomics microarray group. Dr. Lowe was recruited to the University of California, Santa Cruz in 2001 to co-found the Department of Biomolecular Engineering, where he integrates molecular and computational biology to investigate non-coding RNAs and RNA-based gene regulation. With software developed in his lab and analyses distributed by the Genomic tRNA Database, Dr. Lowe has become a world expert in tRNA biology. Most recently, Dr. Lowe’s lab has been studying the functional impacts of dynamic RNA modification in the cell, including the dense, poorly understood modifications in transfer RNAs, and the ubiquitous tRNA fragments found in the cell and extracellular microvesicles. Dr. Lowe’s lab develops new RNA-seq library construction methods paired to custom computational analytics to enable exploration of these new frontiers of RNA biology.

Dr. MacLeod is currently the Vice President of Oncology Drug Discovery at Ionis Pharmaceuticals, a biotechnology company focused on RNA targeted therapeutics. Dr. MacLeod obtained his undergraduate degree in Chemistry and Biochemistry from Concordia University in Montreal, Canada and his doctoral degree from McGill University, Montreal in 1995. As part of his Ph.D studies, Dr. MacLeod demonstrated for the first time that Epigenetic regulators of gene expression (the DNA Methyltransferase enzymes) played active roles in cancer and that these were in fact attractive cancer drug targets. His Doctoral work led to the creation of MethylGene Inc. a biotechnology company focused on small molecule inhibitors of Epigenetic targets. Dr. Macleod later became the first scientist and Director of Biology at MethylGene, and contributed to the discovery and clinical evaluation of several experimental oncology therapeutics including, Mocetinostat, MGCD265, MGCD516 and MG98. Dr. MacLeod gained his initial experience in antisense technology as a Post-Doctoral fellow at Ionis Pharmaceuticals under the supervision of Dr. Stanley T. Crooke (Chairman and CEO of Ionis). In this capacity he contributed to the identification of novel, non-RNase H terminating mechanisms for antisense drugs. Since returning to Ionis in 2008, Dr. MacLeod has been actively involved in the discovery and preclinical development of antisense drug candidates in the several therapeutic areas including, oncology, thrombosis, inflammatory and muscle diseases. These include the clinical stage compounds, FXI_RX (now partnered with Bayer) for the treatment of thrombosis, DMPK_RX for myotonic dystrophy (now partnered with Biogen) and PKK_RX for angioedema. Under his direction the oncology team identified and advanced into clinical development the first two Generation 2.5 cEt ASOs STAT3_RX(now AZD9150) and AR_RX (now AZD5312), where robust single agent antitumor responses were demonstrated with STAT3_RX in several tumor types, ultimately leading to the creation of a broad strategic collaboration between Ionis and AstraZeneca focused on the discovery and development of antisense drugs for the treatment of cancer.

Dr. Mello’s lab uses the nematode C. elegans as a model system to study embryogenesis and gene silencing. His collaborative work with Dr. Andrew Fire led to the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi), for which they shared the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Together they showed that when C. elegans is exposed to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA), a molecule that mimics a signature of viral infection, the worm mounts a sequence-specific silencing reaction that interferes with the expression of cognate cellular RNAs. Using readily produced short synthetic dsRNAs, researchers can now silence any gene in organisms as diverse as rice and humans. RNAi allows researchers to rapidly “knock out” the expression of specific genes and, thus, to define the biological functions of those genes. RNAi also provides a potential therapeutic avenue to silence genes that cause or contribute to diseases.

Dr. Mello received his BS degree in Biochemistry from Brown University in 1982, and PhD from Harvard University in 1990. From 1990 to 1994, he conducted postdoctoral research at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA. Now Dr. Mello is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Blais University Chair in Molecular Medicine and Co-director of the RNA Therapeutics Institute at the University of Massachusetts Medical School.

Besides the Nobel Prize, Dr. Mello’s work was recognized with numerous awards and honors, including the National Academy of Sciences Molecular Biology Award (2003), the Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences from Rockefeller University (2003), Brandeis University’s Lewis S. Rosnstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Medical Research (2005), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (2005), the Massry Prize (2005), the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Award (2006), the Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research (2006), the Hope Funds Award of Excellence in Basic Research (2008). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society.

Seyed Moghimi earned his PhD in biochemistry in 1989 from Charing Cross Hospital Medical School, Imperial College (University of London). Afterwards, he completed a four-year post-doctoral training programme in Advanced Drug Delivery Research at the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (University of Nottingham, UK) under the guidance of Prof. S.S. Davis. This was followed by a university fellowship position at Nottingham before joining the School of Pharmacy at the University of Brighton as a Senior Lecturer. In 2009 Moein joined University of Copenhagen as Professor of Nanomedicine and became the Director of the Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Nanotoxiocology. He is also an affiliated full member at the Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital Systems (Houston, Texas), adjoint professor at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Denver Medical Center, and visiting professor at Università Degli Studi Di Padova (Italy). Furthermore, Dr. Moghimi is cofounder of S & M Discovery Group (London, UK); a nanomedicine R&D and consulting venture. He has also been practicing in the capacity of consultant to over 50 pharmaceutical, biotechnology, health and food industries as well as investment banks, management consultancy firms and other entrepreneurial enterprises worldwide. He further acts as associate editor for Nanomedicine: NBM and Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology and features on editorial board of another 15 international journals in drug delivery and nanomedicine. His research activities are focused on pharmaceutical nanoscience, and fundamental nanomedicine and nanosafety. He has pioneered research in design and surface engineering of nanoparticles and functional nanosystems for parenteral site-specific targeting, drug delivery and imaging modalities, as well as the molecular basis of nanomaterial/polymer immune toxicity and cytotoxicity.

Dr. Qimron’s lab studies the interactions between bacteria and their viruses, the bacteriophages. Their studies are focused on the bacterial immune system against bacteriophages, the CRISPR-Cas system. Dr. Qimron’s lab pioneered studies on how the CRISPR-Cas system samples small DNA segments from bacteriophages to memorize them. His group was the first to demonstrate that two enzymes mediate this activity and showed the minimal genetic requirements for this memorization process. In collaboration with Dr. Sorek’s group from Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, his group also recently revealed how self-memorization (and consequently autoimmunity) against the bacterial genome is prevented in the CRISPR-Cas immune system. In addition, Dr. Qimron’s group recently showed that the CRISPR-Cas system can be used as a new tool to selectively target antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Dr. Udi Qimron earned his Ph.D. (direct track) in Biology from Ben Gurion University, Israel, in 2004. He conducted his post-doctoral studies in the lab of Dr. Charles C. Richardson, at Harvard Medical School from 2004 to 2009. In 2009 he established his lab in the Medical School of Tel Aviv University, Israel, and was appointed to an associate professor in 2013.

Dr. Qimron studies are published in high-profile journals. He recently won the prestigious €1.5M European Research Council grant, and received the prestigious Bergmann award for an outstanding grant proposal.

Nikolaus Rajewsky earned his Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics at the University of Cologne, Germany (1997). After a postdoctoral period at Rutgers University and at Rockefeller University, he was an “Assistant Professor for Biology and Mathematics” in the Department of Biology at New York University (2003-2006). In 2006 he became a full Professor at the Charite and the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association in Berlin, Germany. He conceived and directs the “Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology” (BIMSB). BIMSB is a new branch of the MDC and will grow to a size of ~25 PIs in downtown Berlin.

Nikolaus Rajewsky uses both computational and experimental molecular biology methods to study gene regulation in animals. A focus of his work is on the function and mechanisms of small non-coding RNAs and RNA binding proteins in development and stem cells. Nikolaus’ research has been cited over 13,000 times and has been featured in numerous high-ranking scientific journals and in the press. His latest awards include: IUBMB medal, FEBS award, “Berliner Wissenschaftspreis”, EMBO membership, and in 2012 the highest award for research in Germany, the “Leibniz Preis” of the DFG. Since 2008 he is also a “Global Distinguished Professor of Biology at New York University” and in 2014 has received on honorary PhD in Human Biology and Medical Genetics by Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

Dr. Sepp-Lorenzino joined Alnylam in 2014. Before joining Alnylam, Dr. Sepp-Lorenzino spent 14 years at Merck & Co., having most recently served as Executive Director and Department Head, RNA Therapeutics Discovery Biology. In this role, she was responsible for identification and optimization of siRNAs and delivery vehicles, advancement of pre-clinical candidates, and development of an siRNA-conjugate platform to expand the repertoire of tissues accessible to in vivo siRNA delivery. Prior to RNAi, Laura worked in oncology drug discovery and development, having led the Cancer Research Department at Merck West Point, and having been an Assistant Lab Member at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Laura received her Professional Degree in Biochemistry from the University of Buenos Aires, and her M.S. and Ph.D. in Biochemistry from New York University.

Thomas A. Steitz is Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and Professor of Chemistry at Yale University as well as an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He received a B.A. degree in chemistry from Lawrence University and a Ph.D. degree in molecular biology and biochemistry from Harvard. After postdoctoral research at the MRC Laboratory in Cambridge, England he joined the Yale faculty. He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a Foreign Member of the Royal Society. He has received numerous prizes including the Keio Medical Science Prize, the Gairdner International Award and the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

For the last three decades, research in the laboratory of Dr. Steitz has focused on obtaining structural insights into the molecular mechanisms by which the proteins and nucleic acids involved in the central dogma of molecular biology carry out gene expression from replication and recombination of the DNA genome to its transcription into mRNA followed by the various components associated with the translation of mRNA into protein. Perhaps the most significant insights have been derived from the atomic structure of the large ribosomal subunit, which proved that the ribosomal RNA is entirely responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation and provided insights into how this mammoth RNA assembly is folded and functions as an enzyme. Most recently, research has focused on the structures of the 70S ribosome in complex with factors involved in various steps of the protein synthesis process. The many structures of the large subunit complexed with various different antibiotics determined at Yale have identified numerous different antibiotic binding sites near the site of protein synthesis.

Dr. Szostak received his B.Sc. from McGill University in Montreal in 1972, and then conducted his graduate research under the supervision of Prof. Ray Wu at Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, obtaining his Ph.D. in 1977. Dr. Szostak then moved to the Sidney Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School in 1979, and then to Massachusetts General Hospital in 1984. During the 1980s he carried out research on the genetics and biochemistry of DNA recombination, which led to the double-strand-break repair model for meiotic recombination. At the same time Dr. Szostak made fundamental contributions to our understanding of telomere structure and function, and the role of telomere maintenance in preventing cellular senescence. For this work Dr. Szostak shared, with Drs. Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider, the 2006 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award and the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. In the 1990s Dr. Szostak and his colleagues developed in vitro selection as a tool for the isolation of functional RNA, DNA and protein molecules from large pools of random sequences. His laboratory used in vitro selection and directed evolution to isolate and characterize numerous nucleic acid sequences with specific ligand binding and catalytic properties. From 2000 until the present Dr. Szostak’s research interests have focused on the laboratory synthesis of self-replicating systems and the origin of life.

ProfessionalExperience

1995             Ph.D.in Molecular Physiology, Tufts University, USA.

1995-1996  Postdoctoral Fellow, Harvard University,Cambridge, MA.

1996-1998  PostdoctoralFellow, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

1998-2007  Assistant and Associate Professor, Departmentof Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

2008-            Professor, Department of Biochemistry andMolecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

2009-            Director, SYSU-Baylor College of MedicineJoint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, SYSU,Guangzhou

Honors

1995             Scientist  Most cited paper of the year (Mol. Cell.Biol. 14, 2777-85.)

1996-1998   Irvington Institute PostdoctoralFellowship

1999-2003   EllisonNew Scholar

2004             Article selected as one of 30 mostmemorable papers in 30-year history of the journal Cell (Cell, 72, 767-778)

2006             LLS scholar

2007             Michael Debakey Excellence of Research Award

Dr. Songyang is interested inthe molecular mechanisms that regulate cell survival, genome stability, stemcell pluripotency, and cancer initiation through proteomic and functionalgenomic approaches.  Dr. Songyang’s majorresearch areas include telomeres and telomerase, DNA damage repair signaling,and embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.  Dr. Songyang has also developed severaltechnology platforms to study protein-protein interactions and signalingpathways. He has published more than 110 papers in leading journals such asNature, Science, Cell, Nature Cell Biology, NSMB, Molecular Cell, PNAS, Curr.Biol., and JCB.  His publications werecited more than 11,000 times.

Dr. Michael Terns has a long-standing scientific interest in understanding non-coding RNA biology. Among his many accomplishments, Terns’ work has revealed the pathways that regulate the activity of telomerase, an enzyme that is essential to the development of most cancers. His research group has studied extensively the C/D and H/ACA small nucleolar RNPs, enzymes that build and support critical cellular machinery, which has provided key insights into the development of the fatal bone marrow disease dyskeratosis congenita and a common neuromuscular disease called spinal muscular atrophy. Most recently, Terns has conducted groundbreaking research into CRISPR-Cas systems, small RNA-based immune systems that protect bacteria from viruses and other threats. These systems are being employed as versatile genome editing tools and novel gene-knockdown platforms among other important biotechnological and biomedical applications.

Dr. Terns received his BS in Biochemistry from the University of Michigan in 1985 and his PhD from Pennsylvania State University in 1990 with Samson Jacob, where he studied mechanisms of pre-mRNA polyadenylation. He did his postdoctoral training at the University of Wisconsin in the laboratory of James Dahlberg, studying intracellular trafficking of small nuclear RNAs. Dr. Terns became a principal investigator in 1995 at The University of Georgia where he continues to carry out his research. He is an American Cancer Society Research Scholar and Distinguished Research Professor.

Additional information about Dr. Terns can be found in the following sites:

http://www.bmb.uga.edu/rterns/index.html

http://www.genetics.uga.edu/directory/michael-terns

Takanori Yokota received Japanese National License of Medical Doctors in 1984 and the Ph.D. degree from Tokyo Medical and Dental University,Tokyo, Japan, in 1990.

From 1984, he served as a Neurologist at Tokyo Medical and Dental University ;

from 1998, as a Research Fellow in Bredesen’s lab in Burham Institute (CA, USA);

from 1999, as a Research Fellow in Bredesen’s lab in Buck Center for Aging Research (CA, USA);

from 2000, as a Assistant Professor in Neurology at Tokyo Medical and Dental University;

2004, as a Associate Professor in Neurology at Tokyo Medical and Dental University.

From2010 to the present, he serves as a Professor in Neurology at Tokyo Medical andDental University.

His major interest includes gene therapy of neurological diseases.

Dr. Yokota is a scientific board of Oligonucleotide Therapy Society (OTS)

Award:

2006 Award of 20th Meeting of Japanese Society of Neuroimmunology